Theory of Justice

One works best while performing the duties he/she likes and naturally suited. Every person has skills to execute roles in society. There is a correlation between justice in the society and an individual.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Theory of Justice specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More If only justice can be found in a society, then justice in an individual will be an easy task. Finding justice in the society is easier than finding the justice in an individual. â€Å"Begin by looking for the virtues of character in a constitution before look for them in an individual† (Plato 215, par 3, L 1-3). Justice, which is suitable for the constitution of the country, is also beneficial to the people. An individual is jus a minute portion of a society. What pleases the community pleases the people? If a person does the task, he or she is well suited to then the person will be happy. This will eventually see the whole society happy and happiness is a concept in justice. Justice has different meanings to different people and societies. The Plato’s theory of justice tries to balance what people and societies practice. â€Å"Justice is the good of another† (Plato 42, par 2, L 12). The society upholds the virtues such as justice, piety, courage, friendship and fairness. The nation stipulates harsh consequences for people who are unjust. The society has legal institutions with skilled personnel to deal with the moral decadence in the community. Some people do wrong to others and go scot-free. It is better if they are not identified than if identified and fail to face the law. In such cases, injustice becomes profitable. â€Å"I say that injustice is profitable, and justice is not† (Plato 24, par 2, L 5). Today there are agencies e.g. Transparency International, which monitor the conducts of various institutions, then makes it public to the mass. Injustice is rampant among the ric h than among the poor. The rich are happy ad respected while the poor are unhappy. Plato thwarts this argument by saying that justice is good, and injustice is evil irregardless of the status. â€Å"Call justice a virtue and injustice a vice† (Plato 24, Par 2, L 5). The society is also full of the unjust, but they are considered just due to the roles they play. The judicial system is regarded as the highest authority where justice should prevail. Plato argues that one is just if his duties require him to lie. This is why the judicial lawyers defend the criminals in the courts.Advertising Looking for essay on common law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More People expect to get the best from their fellows. This equilibrium can be attained if each does the best to a colleague. There are those who hinder the justice levels in the society. These include the thugs, rappers, terrorists, prostitutes and other related actions. The s ociety tries to be just, but the people in it can not allow it to achieve that standard. Different individuals have different meanings of justice. What one considers just may be considered unjust by the other. The American culture manifests the theory of Plato to some extent. This culture tries to eradicate the discrimination against race and gender. America is a liberal state where one does the role he or she is naturally suited. The increased health insurance cover for the children is a critical step towards attaining justice in the United States of America. Giving women opportunities to exercise their potentials acquired naturally is a road to achieving Plato’s theory of justice. Some people still use tyranny to rule in the society. Tyranny is unacceptable because it is unjust. â€Å"Look at all the wealthy private citizens in the cities who have many slaves, for, like a tyrant, they rule over some† (Plato 249, par, 2, L, 2-3). Some individuals do various things jus t to please them. They do not care about the suffering of the otters. The Americans believes in the outcome of the judicial process irregardless of whom is on the wrong. The lawyers may be forced to make false statements during trials to win cases for their clients. The American culture is particularly strict on terrorism and wages war with the offenders. This will see people living happily. â€Å"If just and injustice is clear to us, then acting justly, acting unjustly and doing injustice are also clear† (Plato 120, par 3, L 1-2). Work Cited Plato. Grube, George. Reeve, C. Republic. Indiana: Hackett Publishing, 1992 (2) 20-250. This essay on Theory of Justice was written and submitted by user Brynn H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How a Space Elevator Would Work

How a Space Elevator Would Work A space elevator is a proposed transportation system connecting the Earths surface to space. The elevator would allow vehicles to travel to orbit or space without the use of rockets. While elevator travel wouldnt be faster than rocket travel, it would be much less expensive and could be used continuously to transport cargo and possibly passengers. Konstantin Tsiolkovsky first described a space elevator in 1895. Tsiolkovksy proposed building a tower from the surface up to geostationary orbit, essentially making an incredibly tall building. The problem with his idea was that the structure would be crushed by all the weight above it. Modern concepts of space elevators are based on a different principle - tension. The elevator would be built using a cable attached at one end to the Earths surface and to a massive counterweight at the other end, above geostationary orbit (35,786 km). Gravity would pull downward on the cable, while centrifugal force from the orbiting counterweight would pull upward. The opposing forces would reduce the stress on the elevator, compared with building a tower to space. While a normal elevator uses moving cables to pull a platform  up and down, the space elevator would rely on devices called crawlers, climbers, or lifters that travel  along a stationary cable or ribbon. In other words, the elevator would move on the cable. Multiple climbers would need to be traveling in both directions to offset vibrations from the Coriolis force acting on their motion. Parts of a Space Elevator The setup for the elevator would be something like this: A massive station, captured asteroid, or group of climbers would be positioned higher than geostationary orbit. Because the tension on the cable would be at its maximum at the orbital position, the cable would be thickest there, tapering toward the Earths surface. Most likely, the cable would either be deployed from space or constructed in multiple sections, moving down to Earth. Climbers would move up and down the cable on rollers, held in place by friction. Power could be supplied by existing technology, such as wireless energy transfer, solar power, and/or stored nuclear energy. The connection point at the surface could be a mobile platform in the ocean, offering security for the elevator and flexibility for avoiding obstacles. Travel on a space elevator would not be fast! The travel time from one end to the other would be several days to a month. To put the distance in perspective, if the climber moved at 300 km/hr (190 mph), it would take five days to reach geosynchronous orbit. Because climbers have to work in concert with others on the cable to make it stable, its likely progress would be much slower. Challenges Yet to Be Overcome The biggest obstacle to space elevator construction is the lack of a material with high enough tensile strength  and  elasticity and low enough density to build the cable or ribbon. So far, the strongest materials for the cable would be diamond nanothreads (first synthesized in 2014) or  carbon nanotubules. These materials have yet to be synthesized to sufficient length or tensile strength to density ratio. The covalent chemical bonds connecting carbon atoms in carbon or diamond nanotubes can only withstand so much stress before unzipping or tearing apart. Scientists calculate the strain the bonds can support, confirming that while it might be possible to one day construct a ribbon long enough to stretch from the Earth to geostationary orbit, it wouldnt be able to sustain additional stress from the environment, vibrations, and climbers. Vibrations and wobble are a serious consideration. The cable would be susceptible to pressure from the solar wind, harmonics (i.e., like a really long violin string), lightning strikes, and wobble from the Coriolis force. One solution would be to control the movement of crawlers to compensate for some of the effects. Another problem is that the space between geostationary orbit and the Earths surface is littered with space junk and debris. Solutions include cleaning up near-Earth space or making the orbital counterweight able to dodge obstacles. Other issues include corrosion, micrometeorite impacts, and the effects of the Van Allen radiation belts (a problem for both materials and organisms). The magnitude of the challenges coupled with the development of reusable rockets, like those developed by SpaceX, have diminished interest in space elevators, but that doesnt mean the elevator idea is dead. Space Elevators Arent Just for Earth A suitable material for an Earth-based space elevator has yet to be developed, but existing materials are strong enough to support a space elevator on the Moon, other moons, Mars, or asteroids. Mars has about a third the gravity of Earth, yet rotates at about the same rate, so a Martian space elevator would be much shorter than one built on Earth. An elevator on Mars would have to address the low orbit of the moon Phobos, which intersects the Martian equator regularly. The complication for a lunar elevator, on the other hand, is that the Moon doesnt rotate quickly enough to offer a stationary orbit point. However, the Lagrangian points could be used instead. Even though a lunar elevator would be 50,000 km long on the near side of the Moon and even longer on its far side, the lower gravity makes construction feasible. A Martian elevator could provide ongoing transport outside of the planets gravity well, while a lunar elevator could be used to send materials from the Moon to a locatio n readily reached by Earth. When Will a Space Elevator Be Built? Numerous companies have proposed plans for space elevators. Feasibility studies indicate an elevator wont be built until (a) a material is discovered that can support the tension for an Earth elevator or (b) theres a need for an elevator on the Moon or Mars. While its probable the conditions will be met in the 21st century, adding a space elevator ride to your bucket list might be premature. Recommended Reading Landis, Geoffrey A. Cafarelli, Craig (1999). Presented as paper IAF-95-V.4.07, 46th International Astronautics Federation Congress, Oslo Norway, October 2–6, 1995. The Tsiolkovski Tower Reexamined.  Journal of the British Interplanetary Society.  52: 175–180.  Cohen, Stephen S.; Misra, Arun K. (2009). The effect of climber transit on the space elevator dynamics.  Acta Astronautica.  64  (5–6): 538–553.  Fitzgerald, M., Swan, P., Penny, R. Swan, C. Space Elevator Architectures and Roadmaps, Lulu.com Publishers 2015