Fred Jones Constructon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Fred Jones Constructon - Essay Example Insofar as the products are concerned, there is also a need to define the branding strategy thast can compete against other brands in the market. And in order to be competitive, there should be some awareness of the competitors’ strategies against which the Fred Jones Construction strategies for storm roof repairs will strive to be more captivating to potential customers. I.Industry & Market Analysis The storm roofing business realized a boom in Dallas right after a tornado touched down in April 2-3.2012 and a year ago in April 27, 2011. $ 100 million worth of insurance claims had been reported in 2011 for Dallas alone, based on the news report of Nielsen and Richter (2012). There were 19 separate warnings about a tornado approaching Dallas population with 6.3 million people. Hail brought by the powerful wind could be as small as peas and as big as a baseball. In mid-June 2012, Dallas experienced â€Å"the massive hail storm† which was estimated to have resulted in $ 2 billion worth of insurance claims (Richter and Berkowitz 2012). And sop, even if 1,000 contractors of roof repairs are tapped to fix all roofing and housing repairs, each contractor would have a potential market of about $2 million. One of the major industry players, MyRoofDfw (2013) in the roof repair industry within Dallas Forth Worth Metroplex disclosed that there are more than 1,000 companies offering the same products and services in the location. But that company also forecasted only about 10% will remain operating within the next 10 years. That company boasts of having the expertise at roof replacement, leak repairs, insurance claims assistance, lowest pricing, free estimates, and free consultancy for home roof condition reviews. Aside from these, the company offers more than a dozen related services listed in its website. Six of those services are free because those are about inspections pertaining to different reasons for repairs. Competitors like Circle H Roofing & Constru ction have communicated to the public the problem of unpredictable weather changes that have damaged roofs due to hail, fallen trees, and strong winds. They have set the customer’s expectations (Circle H 2013) way ahead of the customer’s decision to secure the products and services from their respective companies. This is good because the homeowners can also plan ahead whatever would have to be prepared by the time the products and service crews arrive. Companies offering both products and services are transparent about schedules, how customers may pay through financing, and what repairs are to be expected. They also offer free inspections and quotation. Their products and services are all with warranty from the company that fixed the problems. Furthermore, they assist homeowners in claiming for property damages due to storms. Another competitor, Bennet Roofing (2013) gives importance to the presence and availability of its â€Å"experienced, professional staff† and the capability to â€Å"install and repair all types of residential and commercial roofing† aside from offering free inspection of roof damages. One of its strategies for storm roof repairs is the combination of educating the customers using their website about what needs to be done in order to claim for damages from insurance companies and then to mention towards the latter part that Bennet Roofing offers to perform all those long, tedious step-by-step process for

Performance Appraisal - Bill Blizard's Scenario Assignment

Performance Appraisal - Bill Blizard's Scenario - Assignment Example He wants the problems to be specified precisely so that he may be able to come up with the solutions quickly; however, this attitude sometimes alienates the clients. Bill understands the company’s commitment to use downsized, limited resources wisely, and has separated genuine problems from user-created problems caused by their particular application or â€Å"customization† of the software or their computer â€Å"illiteracy†. He has great expertise in controlling costs; however, this also has alienated some clients who have gone to other vendors than Crystar. Bill lacks people skills. Despite all discussion sessions, goal-setting meetings his employer has had with him, and the one sensitivity training class, he still lacks what needs to come up to the employer’s expectations when it comes to people skills. He did not attend the additional people’s skills seminars that his employer had suggested which shows his lack of flexibility in this specific regard. He does not show interest in those client problems about which he thinks that the client should solve on his own. He cannot handle his attitude in this regard. His roughness, arrogance, and lack of patience are explicit when he deals with non-technical clients. His extreme attempts to control costs have made clients complain about his unresponsiveness and unwillingness to solve what they perceive to be shortcomings in the software. Despite three quarterly reviews, he has only concentrated on his technical skills rather than learning managerial and supervisory skills. Bill needs to redirect his priorities to come up to the employer’s expectations. He needs to learn how to deal with non-technical clients who convey their problems in general terms. He should also learn to hide his frustrations while dealing with customers. He needs to learn how to delegate responsibility and to oversee those who must carry out routine tasks. He must take communication

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Essay Example for Free

The Lottery by Shirley Jackson Essay The short story, The Lottery, by Shirley Jackson is one pf the most shocking stories I have ever read. It caused controversy when it was published in a New York newspaper and for good reason. The ending is very unsettling and I would even categorize it as a horror story. The picture the story paints prepares you for the exact opposite of what actually happens, making this a confusing, yet unforgettable story. It is hard to figure out what the message is in this story. Starting from the beginning there are many things one must notice upon a second reading. Subtle symbolism is used in a genius manner so that only on a second reading can the reader understand what the author is doing in every paragraph she writes. Throughout the story we are never sure about what exactly this lottery is, which keeps the reader in suspense. The story begins with a cheerful mood. It is summertime in a small town of 300 people. Every character comes off as friendly and full of positive energy. Jackson sets the scene for a beautiful day by describing growing flowers and beautiful grass. The reader is reeled into a peaceful mood and becomes comfortable in knowing this is peaceful story. The only confusion in the beginning is when the children are gathering stones and making piles of them. The reader may indicate the children will be throwing the stones, yet in a childlike playful manner and no violent premonitions can be made due to the peaceful setting counteracting and overpowering any violent thoughts. The interaction between characters is 100% friendliness. The story informs us that everybody in town is gathering at the town square, which is located between a post office and a bank. At first this means nothing extraordinary until you realize that no other buildings are mentioned. No courts or police stations, which are usually found in a towns square, are mentioned. No mentions of authority whatsoever except for Mr. Summers, who runs the yearly lottery. It is also interesting how we are informed that he runs a Halloween program, which is known for trickery, yet no other holidays are mentioned. The mood of the story seems to take a turn when we learn about the villagers reaction to the black box that holds the lottery slips. They seem to be  nervous around the box. Once the winner was found, we notice his reaction is not a good one. Then we read on to find that the villagers will throw stones at the winner until they kill him. This is done so casually that it creates an eerie feeling as we read how the villagers surround the victim and prepare to kill him. The story ends there. The Lottery is definitely an interesting tale by Shirley Jackson. But what is she implying by this story? Surely she didnt write this ending because she felt it was cool. There is a not so obvious message we must analyze. My conclusion leads me to believe that this is a story about tradition. The villagers follow tradition without even knowing why the tradition exists. In the story, Old Man Warner states, Theres always been a lottery he said petulantly. In this statement, the reader sees the most ignorant of all excuses for doing anything. This, however, seems normal for the community. The reader then discovers That much of the ritual had been forgotten or discarded, Mr. Summers had been successful in having slips of paper substituted for the chips of wood that had been used for generations.' While reading, the reader starts to understand the lottery tradition from which many rules and regulations disappeared for convenience reasons. This leads the reader to believe that the villagers do not truly understand the origins of the lottery. Mrs. Jackson states The people had done the lottery so many times that they only half listed to the directions?' In this passage, the reader learns through the nonchalant ness of the villagers actions that an important event does not gander much attention. They kill the victim simply because its tradition. To put it simply, the author is trying to say that you shouldnt do things simply because others have done them. There may be a better way of doing things. I think she is implying that traditions found across the globe may be foolish at times and people should think logically and not do things simply because they were born doing it, like the baby who is handed stones, yet to make sense out of things, and discard those which do not make much sense. This is a strong message in todays society where tradition may cause destruction and hate amongst human beings. I could be wrong, but if I am correct, those who read should learn a powerful lesson and take a look at  their beliefs and make the right change.

Introduction To Rdbms Oodbms And Ordbms Information Technology Essay

Introduction To Rdbms Oodbms And Ordbms Information Technology Essay The relational model is based on the structure of a database. A database is simply a collection of one or more relations or tables with columns and rows. The use of set theory allows for data to be structured in a series of tables that has both columns and rows. Each column corresponds to an attribute of that relation, while each row corresponds to a record that contains data values for an entity. The main elements of RDBMS are based on Ted Codds 13 rules for a  relational system, the concept of relational integrity, and normalization. The three fundamentals of a relational database are that all information must be held in the form of a table, where all data are described using data values. The second fundamental is that each value found in the table columns does not repeat. The final fundamental is the use of Standard Query Language (SQL). Benefits of RDBMS are that the system is simple, flexible, and productive. Because  the tables are simple, data is easier to understand and communicate with others. RDBMS are flexible because users do not have to use predefined keys to input information. Also,  RDBMS are more productive because SQL is easier to learn. This allows users to spend more time  inputting instead of learning. More importantly, RDBMSs biggest  advantage is the ease with which users can  create and access data and extend it if needed. After the original database is created, new data categories can be added without the existing application being changed. There are limitations to the relational database management system. First, relational databases do not have enough storage area to handle data such as images, digital and audio/video. The system was originally created to handle the integration of media, traditional fielded data, and templates. Another limitation of the relational database is its inadequacy to operate with languages outside of SQL. After its original development, languages such as C++ and JavaScript were formed. However, relational databases do not work efficiently with these languages. A third limitation is the requirement that information must be in tables where relationships between entities are defined by values. Today, the relational model is the dominant data model as well as the foundation for the leading DBMS products, which include IBMs DB2 family, Informix, Oracle, Sybase, Microsofts Access and SQLServer, as well as FoxBase and Paradox. RDBMS represent close to a multibillion-dollar industry alone. To combat the limitations of RDBMS and meet the challenge of the increasing rise of the Internet and the Web, programmers developed object-oriented databases in the 1980s. The main objective of Object-Oriented Database Management Systems, commonly known as OODBMS, is to provide consistent, data independent, secure, controlled and extensible data management services to support the object-oriented model. They were created to  handle big and complex data that relational databases could not. There are important characteristics involved with object-oriented databases. The most important characteristic is the joining of object-oriented programming with database technology, which provides an integrated application development system. Object-oriented programming results in 4 main characteristics:  inheritances, data encapsulation, object identity, and polymorphism. Inheritance allows one to develop solutions to complex problems incrementally by defining new objects in terms of previously defined objects. Data encapsulation or simply encapsulation allows the hiding of the internal state of the objects. Encapsulated objects are those objects that can only be assessed by their methods instead of their internal states. There are three types of encapsulated objects users and developers should recognize. The first is full encapsulation, in which all the operations on objects are done through message sending and method execution. The second is write encapsulation, which is where the internal state of the object is visible only for reading operations. The third is partial encapsulation, which involves allowing direct access for reading and writing for only a part of the internal state. Object identity allows objects of the database to be independent of each other. Polymorphism and dynamic binding allow one to define operations for one object and then to share the specification of the operation with other objects. This allows users and/or programmers to compose objects to provide solutions without having to write code that is specific to each object. The language important to OODBMS is data definition and manipulation language (DDML). The use of this language allows persistent data to be created, updated, deleted, or retrieved. An OODBMS needs a computational versus a relational language because it can be used to avoid impedance mismatch. DDML allows users to define a database, including creating, altering, and dropping tables and establishing constraints. DDMLs are used to maintain and query a database, including updating, inserting, modifying, and querying data. The OODBMS has many advantages and benefits. First, object-oriented is a more natural way of thinking. Second, the defined operations of these types of systems are not dependent on the particular database application running at a given moment. Third, the data types of object-oriented databases can be extended to support complex data such as images, digital and audio/video, along with other multi-media operations. Different benefits of OODBMS are its reusability, stability, and reliability. Another benefit of OODBMS is that relationships are represented explicitly, often supporting both navigational and associative access to information. This translates to improvement in data access performance versus the relational model. Another important benefit is that users are allowed to define their own methods of access to data and how it will be represented or manipulated. The most significant benefit of the OODBMS is that these databases have extended into areas not known by the RDBMS. Medicine, multimedia, and high-energy physics are just a few of the new industries relying on object-oriented databases. As with the relational database method, object-oriented databases also has disadvantages or limitations. One disadvantage of OODBMS is that it lacks a common data model. There is also no current standard, since it is still considered to be in the development stages. Object-oriented database technology is a marriage of object-oriented programming and database technologies. Figure 1 illustrates how these programming and database concepts have come together to provide what we now call object-oriented databases. Introduction to RDBMS OODBMS and ORDBMS Perhaps the most significant characteristic of object-oriented database technology is that it combines object-oriented programming with database technology to provide an integrated application development system. There are many advantages to including the definition of operations with the definition of data. First, the defined operations apply ubiquitously and are not dependent on the particular database application running at the moment. Second, the data types can be extended to support complex data such as multi-media by defining new object classes that have operations to support the new kinds of information. Other strengths of object-oriented modeling are well known. For example, inheritance allows one to develop solutions to complex problems incrementally by defining new objects in terms of previously defined objects. Polymorphism and dynamic binding allow one to define operations for one object and then to share the specification of the operation with other objects. These objects can further extend this operation to provide behaviors that are unique to those objects. Dynamic binding determines at runtime which of these operations is actually executed, depending on the class of the object requested to perform the operation. Polymorphism and dynamic binding are powerful object-oriented features that allow one to compose objects to provide solutions without having to write code that is specific to each object. All of these capabilities come together synergistically to provide significant productivity advantages to database application developers. A significant difference between object-oriented databases and relational databases is that object-oriented databases represent relationships explicitly, supporting both navigational and associative access to information. As the complexity of interrelationships between information within the database increases, so do the  advantages of representing relationships explicitly. Another benefit of using explicit relationships is the improvement in data access performance over relational value-based relationships. A unique characteristic of objects is that they have an identity that is independent of the state of the object. For example, if one has a car object and we remodel the car and change its appearance, the engine, the transmission, and the tires so that it looks entirely different, it would still be recognized as the same object we had originally. Within an object-oriented database, one can always ask the question, is this the same object I had previously?, assuming one remembers the objects identity. Object-identity allows objects to be related as well as shared within a distributed computing network. All of these advantages point to the application of object-oriented databases to information management problems that are characterized by the need to manage: a large number of different data types,   a large number of relationships between the objects, and   objects with complex behaviors. Application areas where this kind of complexity exists includes engineering, manufacturing, simulations, office automation and large information systems. Object-Relational database (ORDBMS) is the third type of database common today. ORDBMS are systems that attempt to extend relational database systems with the functionality necessary to support a broader class of applications and, in many ways, provide a bridge between the relational and object-oriented paradigms. ORDBMS was created to handle new types of data such as audio, video, and image files that relational databases were not equipped to handle. In addition, its development was the result of increased usage of object-oriented programming languages, and a large mismatch between these and the DBMS software. One advantage of ORDBMS is that it allows organizations to continue using their existing systems, without having to make major changes. A second advantage is that it allows users and programmers to start using object-oriented systems in parallel. There are challenges in implementing an ORDBMS. The first is storage and access methods. The second is query processing, and the third is query optimization. Since the development of RDBMS, OODBMS, and ORDBMS, many vendors have extended their systems with the ability to store new data types such as images and texts, and with the ability to ask more complex queries. One rising technique is enterprise resource planning and management resource planning, which add another layer of application-oriented features on top of a DBMS. Included applications come from  Baan, Oracle, SAP, and Siebel. These programs each identify a set of common tasks encountered by a large number of organizations and provide a general application layer to carry out these tasks. More importantly, DBMS have advanced into the Internet and Web Age.  Stored data is widely being accessed through a Web browser. Today, queries are being generated through Web-accessible forms and answers are being formatted using a mark-up language such as HTML. In addition, many vendors and distributors are adding features to their DBMS aimed at making it better equipped for Internet usage. In summary, relational and object-oriented database systems each have certain strengths as well as certain weaknesses. In general, the weakness of one type of system tends to be strength of the other. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Object Relational Database Management  System  (ORDBMS) is a DBMS or Database Management System akin to a relational database, but with an object oriented database model that allows  custom web development  professionals to combine the database with custom data types. It bridges the gap between relational databases and Object-Oriented Database Management System (OODBMS).   Traditional RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) focused on the efficient management from a limited set of data-types. Object relational DBMS allows  web sites development  experts to combine their own data types and methods.   The limitations of RDBMS have led to the introduction of object-relational database management systems ORDBMS systems occurred in the early 1990s out of research. One of the most notable research projects, the Postgres introduced two products Illustra and Postgre SQL. The mid-1990s saw many commercial products appearing. These included Omniscience, UniSQL and Illustra 2.   Objectives of Object Relational Databases: To bridge the gap between object-relational mapping and conceptual data modeling techniques. To bridge the gap between object oriented modeling techniques (used in programming languages like C++, C# and  Java) and relational databases. Advantages of ORDBMS: Object Relational Database Management Systems ensures large storage capacity, which is an important part in web based  development The access speed is fairly quick. ORDBMSs have massive scalability. ORDBMSs boast excellent manipulation power of object databases. Supports object functionality by adding separate APIs and  server  subsystems Redesigns the database engine completely Supports rich data types by adding a new object-oriented layer. Apart from these benefits, an object relational database management system has some drawbacks. One of the major disadvantages is its incapability for high-speed internet applications. However, ORDBMSs are designed to manage large amounts of information, an important aspect in the  development of website. The IDC opines that the ORDBMS market has the potential to surpass the size of ODBMS in the next couple of years in web based development. Read more:  http://www.articlesbase.com/programming-articles/ordbms-or-objectrelational-database-management-system-objectives-and-advantages821908.html#ixzz1CUlv7OAH   Under Creative Commons License:  Attribution à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. An object relational database is also called an object relational database management system (ORDBMS). This system simply puts an object oriented front end on a relational database (RDBMS). When applications interface to this type of database, it will normally interface as though the data is stored as objects. However the system will convert the object information into data tables with rows and colums and handle the data the same as a relational database. Likewise, when the data is retrieved, it must be reassembled from simple data into complex objects. Performance Constraints Because the ORDBMS converts data between an object oriented format and RDBMS format, speed performance of the database is degraded substantially. This is due to the additional conversion work the database must do. ORDBMS Benefits The main benefit to this type of database lies in the fact that the software to convert the object data between a RDBMS format and object database format is provided. Therefore it is not necessary for programmers to write code to convert between the two formats and database access is easy from an object oriented computer language. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ To define Object-Relational Database Management System (ORDBMS) it is enough to take simple equation: ORDBMS = ODBMS + RDBMS = (O + R) * DB * MS. On a logical level, an ORDBMS is the MS process methods applied for DB data structure, which is complied with O object and R relational concepts. The R relational concept in the context of DBMS is based on the relations in the form of two-dimensional tables of rows and columns. Transformation of queries into relational algebra is the main confirmation that affiliates a database with the relational model. It is prejudice to think that SQL2 language is a single and necessary criterion of RDBMS just as to think that Java is a single language of OO programming. Noteworthy feature of RDBMS is the possibility to process a large mass of the uniform n-element tuples (rows or records) quickly. All necessary for object representation is available in the object DBMS (ODBMS). Often the ODBMS is equated to the OODBMS, namely DBMS integrated with an Object-Oriented (OO) programming language like C++ and Java. The characteristic properties of ODBMS are 1)  complex data, 2)  type inheritance, and 3)  object behavior. These features will be considered below regarding the ORDBMS. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Complex data creation in most SQL ORDBMSs is based on preliminary schema definition via the user-defined type (UDT). The table remains a most clear form for representation of complex data in any ORDBMS. students id name course first last st031 Jane Hunter Economy Planning st072 Richard White Computers in Engineering The name attribute (or field or column) consists of the first and last attributes. The value of the course attribute is a set of Economy and Planning elements. Such structure is able, for example, for the Informix SQL (http://www-3.ibm.com/software/data/informix/pubs/library/index.html). CREATE ROW TYPE Student (      id CHAR(5),      name ROW (first VARCHAR(12), last VARCHAR(20)),      course SET (VARCHAR(128) NOT NULL)   );   CREATE TABLE students OF TYPE Student;   INSERT INTO students   VALUES (      st031,      ROW(Jane, Hunter),      SET(Economy, Planning)   );   INSERT INTO students   VALUES (      st072,      ROW(Richard, White),      SET(Computers in Engineering) ); Other SQL ORDBMS suggests other composite type constructors, for example VARRAY or ARRAY instead of the SET, and OBJECT instead of the ROW. Constructors of the simple built-in types, with limitations like CHAR(5), came from SQL2. Is it necessary to define schema before filling a database? Historically, the answer was canonical yes for two reasons. Firstly, the definition of database schema essentially helped to control the type of input data. Secondly, the data type limitation made possible the early DBMSs to organize data with maximal memory and processor efficiency. Nevertheless, development of database schema is a most laborious process. There are a lot of situations related with complex data when precise schema description is not necessary or unreasonably slows project development. Furthermore, both reasons for schema predefinition are no longer valid. Control of input data should be executed by supporting an input form, (e.g., via JavaScript on the Web client side). With the hardware advances in modern database systems, the influence of data type limitation on performance is practically insignificant. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ An object-oriented database management system (OODBMS), sometimes shortened to  ODBMS  for  object database management system), is a database management system (DBMS) that supports the modelling and creation of data as  objects. This includes some kind of support for  classes of objects and the  inheritance  of class properties and  methods by subclasses and their objects. There is currently no widely agreed-upon standard for what constitutes an OODBMS, and OODBMS products are considered to be still in their infancy. In the meantime, the object-relational database management system (ORDBMS), the idea that object-oriented database concepts can be superimposed on relational databases, is more commonly encountered in available products. An object-oriented database interface standard is being developed by an industry group, the Object Data Management Group (ODMG). The Object Management Group (OMG) has already standardized an object-oriented data brokering interface betwee n systems in a network. In their influential paper,  The Object-Oriented Database Manifesto, Malcolm Atkinson and others define an OODBMS as follows: An object-oriented database system must satisfy two criteria: it should be a DBMS, and it should be an object-oriented system, i.e., to the extent possible, it should be consistent with the current crop of object-oriented programming languages. The first criterion translates into five features: persistence, secondary storage management, concurrency, recovery and an ad hoc query facility. The second one translates into eight features: complex objects, object identity, encapsulation, types or classes, inheritance, overriding combined with late binding, extensibility and computational completeness. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. http://www.versant.com/en_US/products/oodbms.html/ OODBMS (OBJECT DATABASE) ADVANTAGES Using an  OODBMS  /  ODBMS  (object database management system, object-oriented data management system) for data storage brings powerful advantages to applications that use complex object models, have high concurrency requirements, and large data sets. It is difficult, time consuming, expensive in development, and expensive at run time, to map the objects into a relational database and performance can suffer. Versantsobject database  solutions (ODBMS) are designed to handle the navigational access, seamless data distribution, and scalability often required by these applications: Versant Object Database  OODBMS  (Java,  C++) FastObjects .NET  OODBMS  (.NET) Why Versants  OODBMS  solutions instead of traditional RDBMS? Where data handling requirements are simple and suitable to rigid row and column structures an RDBMS might be an appropriate solutiuon. However,for many applications, todays most challenging aspect is controlling the inherent complexity of the subject matter itself the complexity must be tamed. And tamed in a way that enables continual evolution of the application as the environment and needs change. For these applications, an  OODBMS  is the best answer: COMPLEX (INTER-) RELATIONSHIPS If there are a lot of many-to-many relationships, tree structures or network (graph) structures then Versants  OODBMS  solutions will handle those relationships much faster than a relational database. COMPLEX DATA For many applications, the most challenging aspect is controlling the inherent complexity of the subject matter itself the complexity must be tamed. For these applications, a Versant  OODBMS  is the best answer. Architectures that mix technical needs such as persistence (and SQL) with the domain model are an invitation to disaster. Versants  OODBMS  solutions let you develop using objects that need only contain the domain behaviour, freeing you from persistence concerns. NO MAPPING LAYER It is difficult, time consuming, expensive in development, and expensive at run time, to map the objects into a relational database and performance can suffer. VersantsOODBMS  solutions store objects as objects yes, its as easy as 1, 2, 3. Versants object database solutions are designed to store many-to-many, tree and network relationships as named bi-directional associations without having the need for JOIN tables. Hence, Versants object database solutions save programming time, and objects can be stored and retrieved faster. Modern O/R mapping tools may simplify many mapping problems, however they dont provide seamless data distribution or the performance of Versants  OODBMS  solutions. FAST AND EASY DEVELOPEMENT, ABILITY TO COPE WITH CONTINOUS EVOLUTION The complexity of telecommunications infrastructure, transportation networks, simulations, financial instruments and other domains must be tamed. And tamed in a way that enables continual evolution of the application as the environment and needs change. Architectures that mix technical needs such as persistence (and SQL) with the domain model are an invitation to disaster. Versants  OODBMSsolutions let you develop using objects that need only contain the domain behaviour, freeing you from persistence concerns.

Friendship in The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini Essay examples -- Kit

Friendship in The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini Theme: Real Friendships are more than a stubborn act; they are actions that surround your soul in order to uncover the truth that you're seeking in a friend. Friendship, as understood here, is a distinctively personal relationship that is grounded in a concern on the part of each friend for the welfare of the other, for the other's sake, and that involves some degree of intimacy. As such, friendship is undoubtedly central to our lives, in part because the special concern we have for our friends must have a place within a broader set of concerns, including moral concerns, and in part because our friends can help shape who we are as persons. Given this centrality, important questions arise concerning the justification of friendship and, in this context, whether it is permissible to ?trade up? when someone new comes along, as well as concerning the possibility of reconciling the demands of friendship with the demands of morality in cases in which the two seem to conflict. In the novel, The Kite Runner, Khaled Hosseini explores the struggles that Amir faces that confront him on the path to manhood testing friendship. One of the highlights of their friendship is their competition in the kite fighting competitions that mark the start of winter in Kabul. Amir is a master kite fighter, and Hassan is a mysterious "kite runner? able to retrieve the fallen kites and bring them home as trophies. Amir and Hassan do wonderful things together like they are brothers, but still Amir tries to test Hassan?s loyalty all the time and still is afraid of accepting being Hassan?s true friend. ?Never Mind that we taught each other to ride a bicycle with no hands, or to bui... ...want to stay for a longer period of time with someone. But does this mean that we want to be friends with each other? Testing your friend?s loyalty in order to see how faithful they are is a fine idea, but when you get carried away it can cause negative feelings and possibly a loss of friendship. A real friend is not only a speaking mouth, but also a helping hand, and sometimes even a shoulder that you can depend on. A real friendship must be tested by a long period, sometimes for ten or more years. And of course, friendship can be promoted onto a higher level, such as love. If you both have love for each other, you will make good friendship. Amir?s ideal true friend was staring at him in the face all the time but it took a while for him to realize that Hassan was the one. Works Cited: Hosseini, Khaled. The Kite Runner. Canada: Random House, 2004.

Where is The God of Justice :: essays research papers fc

Why do thousands of God fearing Latin American Christians for instance, languish in the slums in abject poverty, while the drug cartels enjoy tequila and Cuban cigars? A few months ago there was a news report that a Missionary couple of Wycliffe Bible Translators, working the forests of Guyana had been brutally murdered. In third world countries in particular there is a marked, observable distinction between the lower, middle and upper classes. As one examines the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“haveà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢sà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? and the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“have notà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢sà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? from a religious perspective it often seems to be the case that those who are highly religious or shall we say those who are godly often tend to find themselves at the lower end of the economic ladder while those whose lifestyles are divergent from Biblical norms seem to be flourishing. This observation is no new phenomenon however. The Psalmist David raised series questions about it in Psalm 73, Job raises a lament about it in Job 21: 7 -25 and the prophet Habakkuk contemplates it in Habakkuk 1:13. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“ Habakkuk asks, how can Yahweh, whose eyes are too pure to behold evil, allow the wicked to swallow someone more righteous than he? Why do the wicked prosper?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬? The question of the prosperity of the wicked is a question of theodicy (vindication of divine providence in view of the existence of evil). It is central to section of the Bible under review, Malachi 2:17 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 3:5. According to The Expositorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Bible Commentary , unlike most other prophets Malachi mentioned no dateable person or events in his brief prophecy. Clues to the origin and time of his book must therefore come from the text and its implications. It has always been placed last in the minor prophets. The Talmud regularly classes the book among the postexilic prophets. The contents of the book suggest that it was written some time after Ezra. Some of the exiles had returned, the temple had been rebuilt and the sacrificial system had been reestablished to the point that where it was being abused- a matter which Malachi addressed at length. The city of Jerusalem had returned to a substantial degree of normalcy; and the inevitable lethargy, laxity and leniency in spiritual matters had developed. It is to this declining state of affairs that the prophet addressed himself. Nothing is known of Malachi apart from his book. Even his name is questioned . Some take it to be a title rather than a proper name.

High School Experience Essay

When you start a new school or a new grade you never know what to expect, all different types of emotions are running through your head sometimes that could be stress. When I started high school, I didn’t know what to do, I was the â€Å"new† kid on the block. I had to try and be outgoing and meet new people. My freshman year my priorities were not right, the last thing on my mind were my grades, my first goal was to make friends, and make them quick I couldn’t stand the feeling of not knowing people, that’s when my grades started to drop and it was very difficult to bring them back up. People say that high school is going to be the best four years of your life and being that I’m a senior, I would have to agree. These last three years has been awesome. My personality hasn’t changed; I’m still a carefree girl, just with a little more wisdom and a lot more strength. I started off school with a horrible attitude because my parents sent me to a different school. They sent me to a school where I knew about two people, I was so angry at my parents. Read more: My high school life essay Sometimes I had the thought that maybe if I failed on purpose that would probably move me to the school of my choice, Bryan Adams High School, but that didn’t work out well, all that did was get me into trouble. High school experiences are helpful for the development from a child to a young adult. Students grow together and experience the good the bad and learn from one another. Some make new friends, some loose friends and that’s just life. The last day of my high school years is fast approaching and I can only imagine how I’ll be feeling when I step out of Skyline High School. Throughout these three years, I have felt a lot of urgency about graduating high school, just wondering how it is in the â€Å"Real World†? My parents always told me to be a kid and have fun because my time will be coming, I never really thought that through but now that I’m getting older I realize it’s much easier to be a kid you don’t have to worry about many things. The only thing I can say is that I have learned. The most important thing is that, not just that I had learned through the books, but I have learned about life and the road ahead of me. From being an inexperienced freshman to a somewhat mature junior, and now a excited senior, things have really changed for me. I will leave high school as a knowledgeable senior, knowing that there are many dangers to come upon in the real world. Really, I do not know what the world out there holds for me, all I can do is enter it with a open mind and hope for the best with a positive attitude.